Patch antenna design gareth louis shaw a dissertation submitted to the faculty of engineering and the built environment, university of the witwatersrand, johannesburg, in ful. To determine the width w, the microstrip patch antenna calculator was used to provide an initial. The project here provides a detailed study of how to design a probefed square microstrip patch antenna using hfss, v11. In this section, well discuss the microstrip antenna, which is also commonly referred to as the patch antenna. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. Ill use the terms microstrip antenna and patch antenna interchangeably. A highfrequency structural simulator hfss is used which is based on the finite element method fem in. The patch antenna is modeled as parallel rlc circuit alternatively it could be represented using a transmission line model 2 and the lprobe as a stub consisting of 2 ideal lines. The microstrip patch antenna is a popular printed resonant antenna for narrowband microwave wireless links that require semihemispherical coverage. In telecommunication, a microstrip antenna usually means an antenna fabricated using microstrip techniques on a printed circuit board pcb. The patch may be in a variety of shapes, but rectangular and circular are the most common. Read about company and get contact details and address. Deschamps in 1953, but didnt become practical until the 1970s when it was developed further by researchers such as robert e.
Msas are also known as patch antennas or printed ante. Microstrip antenna an overview sciencedirect topics. Microstrip patch antenna array design to improve better. In this paper two different feeding techniques of microstrip rectangular patch antenna like direct line feed and. Antennas using patches as constitutive elements in an array are also possible. The antenna beam width is around 100 the antenna gain is around 4dbi. It is a popular printed resonant antenna for narrowband microwave wireless links that require semihemispherical coverage. The most common type of microstrip antenna is the patch antenna. Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. Directional patch antenna array design for desktop wireless. The waves from the patch start getting radiated from the width side.
Design and analysis of a microstrip antenna array for high gain. The antenna bandwidth is around 10% for vswr better than 2. A practical guide to the designof microstrip antenna arrays. We finally achieved a higher gain value of about 5. In this paper different microstrip array antennas such as series feed, corporate feed and corporate series feed are designed, simulated. Design and performance analysis of microstrip array antennas. They are the original type of microstrip antenna described by howell in 1972. The antennas can be supplied with lhcp, rhcp, or linear polarization. Geometry of microstrip patch antenna the width of the microstrip patch antenna was computed with the following equation. View microstrip patch antennas research papers on academia. Antdevco employees have designed andmanufactured spacecraft microstrip patch antennas for many small spacecraft programs. Introduction to microstrip antennas university of houston. Pdf performance comparison of sband antenna with series fed.
Patch antenna array in use for wifi communications refer to appendix a for the single patch antenna design procedure. Microstrip patch antenna design linkedin slideshare. A microstrip antenna array is one of the simplest forms of antennas available. Actually, slot antenna is a radiating element formed by a slot in a metallic surface. The antenna consists of a single printed circuit board with an rf connector and perhaps an absorptive load. This is a very interesting 17 chapter book, runs some theory and concept in the chapters 1 till 8. Microstrip patch antennas research papers academia. If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. The length of microstrip patch antenna is given by the following equations. Dualband operation of a microstrip patch antenna on a duroid.
A microstrip patch antenna mpa consists of a conducting patch of any planar or nonplanar geometry on one side of a dielectric substrate with a ground plane on other side. About microstrip patch antennas the resource is currently listed in in a single category. The above equation says that the microstrip antenna should have a length equal to one half of a wavelength within the dielectric substrate medium. The antenna is attractive due to its lowprofile conformal design, relatively low cost and very narrow bandwidth.
Design and performance analysis of microstrip array antennas with. The dualband operation of a microstrip patch antenna on a duroid 5870 substrate for ku and kbands is presented. These antennas are capable of supporting high data rates to at least 10 watts of transmittedpower. A rogers rt 5880 duroidtm dielectric substrate with dielectric permittivity, r1 of 2. This document contains the final report of designing and implementation of a patch antenna, among setting up of dimensions more information is included in chapter 5.
A microstrip or patch antenna operates in a way that when current though a feed line reaches the strip of the antenna, then electromagnetic waves are generated. The goal is to match the input impedance zin to the transmission line z0. A patch antenna is a narrowband, widebeam antenna fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to an insulating dielectric substrate, such as a printed circuit board, with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite side. This rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed for wireless communication application that works at 2. A variant of the patch antenna commonly used in mobile phones is the shorted patch antenna, or planar invertedf antenna pifa. Rectaangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless. The microstrip patch antenna model used for the numerical simulation in ansoft hfss is shown in fig. Applications include gps, usaf sgls, nasa sn including tdrss forwardreturn pairs, radartransponder, and the nasa dsn. Microstrip patch antennasbasic properties and some recent. Thus, you can make a patch antenna with sheet of metal for the ground plane, and a sheet of metal for the patch. This link is listed in our web site directory since wednesday jul 8 2015, and till today microstrip patch antennas has been followed for a total of 193 times. Analysis and design of 1x4 rectangular microstrip patch antenna array with corporate microstrip line feeding for high gain. The results obtain that microstrip patch antenna can be used as client antenna in computer and workable antenna for wireless fidelity.
If the air spacing between the sensors and the human body is increased from 0mm to 5mm the antenna resonant frequency is shifted by 5%. Patch antenna category is a curation of 10 web resources on, patch antenna for apt, experimental patch antenna, the basics of patch antennas. The frequency of operation of the patch antenna of figure 1 is determined by the length l. Due to its planar configuration and ease of integration with microstrip technology, the microstrip patch antenna has been heavily studied and is often used as elements for an array.
Patch antenna is actually a patch antenna placed over a antenna base. Directional patch antenna array design for desktop. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or patch of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane. But illustrates sizes and importance of good antenna design why microstrip antennas.
Dualband operation of a microstrip patch antenna on a. As there is currently an urgent need for graduate students and practicing engineers to gain an indepth understanding of this subject, this book was. Design and characterization of corporate feed rectangular. Also called patch antennas one of the most useful antennas at microwave frequencies f 1 ghz. The patch antennas are popular for low profile applications at frequencies above 100mhz. Wideband rectangular microstrip patch antenna using l.
These are very low size antennas having low radiation. Improvement of efficiency parameter of a microstrip patch. Dec 04, 2012 uhf patch antennas for space antenna development corporation, inc. Micro strip patch antennas are widely used in compact, conformal and low cost wireless applications due to its advantages over conventional antenna. The proper impedance matching throughout the corporate and series feeding array configurations provides high efficiency microstrip antenna4.
Microstrip patch antenna does not imply there must be a substrate other than air. A metal patch mounted at a ground level with a dielectric material inbetween constitutes a micro strip or patch antenna. Design and performance analysis of microstrip array. A microstrip patch antenna is presented for wireless communication system. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board. The use of slotted patch reduces the size of antenna and higher bandwidth, which is the area that can be improved with the proposed design. A slot will be placed on the ground plane and feed line will be placed on lower substrate. This method employs ground plane between two substrates. The center frequency will be approximately given by. There are several techniques have been applied to overcome this problem, such as increasing the substrate thickness, introducing parasitic element, that is coplaner and stack configuration, or modifying the patchs shape includes designing an e.
Microstrip patch antennas kai fong lee, kwai man luk. The microstrip patch antenna array is designed for wlan applications, at an operating frequency of 2. Microstrip patch antenna array design to improve better gains. Dual ushape microstrip patch antenna design for wimax applications. The fabrication of the proposed antenna is performed with slots and a duroid 5870 dielectric substrate and is excited by a 50. The performance parameters were achieved with return loss 16. The main category is patch antennas that is about patch antenna.
Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna arrays. Doesnt cover the microstrip approach towards building the patch antenna, not that it has any significance, but just to point out. The optimum design parameters of the antenna are selected to achieve the compact dimensions as well as the best possible characteristics such as high radiation efficiency, high gain, etc. Simple dipole antenna to understand the function of the antenna we consider the antenna to be enclosed by a surface volume and radiate in homogenous space free space. The microstrip antenna can also be matched to a transmission line of characteristic impedance z0 by using a quarterwavelength transmission line of characteristic impedance z1 as shown in figure 2. In this paper different microstrip array antennas such as series feed, corporate feed and corporate. A patch antenna is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface. Advancement in microstrip antennas with recent applications. Microstrip patch antennas mpa are a class of planar antennas which have. The patch antenna is a good place to start for antenna fundamentals with more coming.
May 20, 2016 this is an introductory lecture on microstrip patch antenna. A highfrequency structural simulator hfss is used which is based on the finite element method fem in this research. The microstrip patch antenna is used in a wide range of applications since it is easy to design and fabricate. Interaction between the patch and the horizontal arm of the feeder is accounted through coupled lines maclin component. As discussed in the previous section, the gain is about 8. Uhf patch antennas for space antenna development corporation, inc. By the equations 14 the length l and the width w cornerof the single mode is 80mm, 102mm respectively. Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces. The modern mobile communication systems requires high gain, large bandwidth and minimal size antennas that are capable of providing better performance over a wide range of frequency spectrum. Patch antenna array in order to increase main beam gain, reduce side lobe radiation, and increase directivity, the patch antenna design was expanded to a four element array.
International journal of science, engineering and technology research 2. This calculator calculates the length and width of a patch antenna based on the frequency, dielectric constant of the dielectric and the height of the thickness of. The single mode patch antenna is considered the basic patch of the antenna design which has a resonant frequency of 900mhz. A patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. Designing for designing of a microstrip patch antenna, we have to select the resonant frequency and a dielectric medium for which antenna is to be designed. Click here to go to our page on circular patch antennas new for september 2018. Design of square patch antenna with a notch on fr4 substrate. Microstrip antennas can be manufactured very inexpensively now that reasonably priced, closely controlled substrate materials are available. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. Microstrip antennas have high q q 100 is common, which means that they have small bandwidths. The patch is generally made up of a conducting material such as copper or gold and can take any possible shape like rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical or some other common shape. Microstrip patch antenna design santa clara university. Patch antenna with a quarterwavelength matching section. Applications include gps, usaf sgls, nasa sn including.
Doesnt cover the microstrip approach towards building the patch antenna, not. It also has a wide angle of beam in its radiation pattern. Sonia goyal2 1, 2department of electronics and communication engineering punjabi university patiala, india abstract. What is the difference between slot antenna and patch. Slot antenna differs with patch antenna in many aspects. This paper proposes the design of 4element microstrip patch antenna array which uses the corporate feed technique for excitation. Design and characterization of corporate feed rectangular microstrip. What are the exact materials used in designing a microstrip. The emcp antenna operating in region three is in fact a twoelement yagitype microstrip patch antenna, with the lower patch fed and the upper patch parasitic. Isbn 9789535110194, pdf isbn 9789535163145, published 20306.
It usually consists of a metal patch on top of a grounded dielectric substrate. Design and characterization of corporate feed rectangular microstrip patch array antenna abstract. The performance and advantages of microstrip patch antennas such as low. Multiple patch antennas on the same substrate see image called microstrip antennas, can be used to make high gain array antennas, and phased arrays in which the beam can be electronically steered. The fabricated antenna uses twolayer substrate, microstrip line feed and the ground on the lower layer and the radiating patch on upper layer such that the feed line finishes in an open end. The directivity of a patch can be estimated quite easily. Structurally robust and light weight a microstrip antenna msa in its simplest form consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side. Siddaiah procedia computer science 85 2016 401 a 409 fig.
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